New Zealand's Agricultural Economy
A large proportion (52%) of New Zealand's total land area of 268,021
km2 is devoted to grazing of livestock on pasture, cropping
or is fallow. Of these three land uses, grazing livestock occupy the
majority of land-use ...LAND USE PIE
CHART. There are a little over nine million cattle in New Zealand
and some 44 million sheep Table 1). These nine cattle represented
0.69% of the worlds cattle population in 2001 and 1.04% of production
of beef. Importantly, New Zealand contributed to 7.5% of the worlds
beef trade (on a weight basis) in that same year. The export emphasis
is even more pronounced for products from sheep, New Zealand's 44
million sheep contributed 4.2% of the worlds total numbers in 2001,
9% of world sheepmeat production and nearly half (49.7%) of sheepmeat
international trade.
Table 1. Agricultural Production
in New Zealand.
|
|
Year
ended June |
|
Unit
|
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
| Butter1,2 |
tonnes
(000) |
320
|
350
|
391 |
| Cheese1 |
tonnes
(000) |
239
|
297 |
254
|
| Meat3 |
tonnes
(000) |
1,130
|
1,159
|
1,209 |
| Wool4 |
tonnes
(000) |
185 |
193 |
178
|
| Livestock5 |
| |
19996 |
20007 |
20018 |
| Total
cattle (000) |
8,960
|
9,017R |
9,274P |
| Total
sheep (000) |
45,956
|
45,379R |
43,987P |
| |
|
Source: Statistics New Zealand
1. Year ended 31 May. Figures include domestic market production.
Source: New Zealand Dairy Board.
2 Includes butter equivalent of anhydrous milkfat and fat mixes.
3 Year ended 30 September. Inspected production. Source: Ministry
of Agriculture and Forestry.
4 Year ended 30 June. Clean wool production. Source: Wool/Pro.
5 Year ended 31 March. Source: Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.
6 Year ended 30 June.
7 Source: Statistics New Zealand's Agricultural Production Survey.
8 Source: Estimates provided by the Economic
Service.
Symbols used in the table: (R) Revised (P) Provisional
Products derived from livestock
grazing on pasture contribute a large proportion to New Zealand's
export earning, its total economy and are a large feature of land
use. The combined exports, of dairy products, meats and casein-derived
products contributed 35% of export earnings (Table 2). With the
inclusion of other products such as wool, hides, skin and leather
(not shown), the value of livestock production to the New Zealand
economy is unquestionable. Across all products, our major export
markets are (in order of economic importance: Australia, The United
States, Japan, The United Kingdom and The Peoples Republic of Korea.
Table 2: Overseas Merchandise
Trade. Source: Statistics New Zealand. View 2001 values from this
table as a PIE
CHART.
|
|
Year
ended June 30 |
|
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
| Exports
by commodity1 |
$
NZ Million |
| Milk
powder, butter and cheese |
3,862 |
3,975 |
5,811 |
| Meat
and edible offal |
2,828 |
3,376 |
4,179 |
| Wood
and wood articles |
1,496 |
2,018 |
2,219 |
| Fish,
crustaceans and molluscs |
1,171 |
1,223 |
1,366 |
| Mechanical
machinery |
1,037 |
1,125 |
1,327 |
| Aluminium
and articles thereof |
958 |
1,116 |
1,295 |
| Casein
and caseinates |
763 |
803 |
1,213 |
| All
merchandise exports2 |
22,600 |
26,027 |
31,939 |
|
Source: Statistics New Zealand
1. Free on board, including re-exports. (The value of goods at New
Zealand ports before export.) 2 . Includes commodities not listed.
Table 3. Exports
of Agricultural Products from New Zealand for Years Ended 30 June.
Source: Ministry
of Agriculture and Forestry, New Zealand
|
|
|
| |
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
2000
|
2001 (p) |
| |
|
(NZ$000)1 |
(NZ$000)1 |
(NZ$000)1 |
(NZ$000)1 |
(NZ$000)1 |
| Live
animals |
125,365 |
139,508 |
143,253 |
173,972 |
150,315 |
| Beef
and Veal |
992,300 |
1,174,610
|
1,087,225 |
1,403,011 |
1,673,480 |
| Lamb |
|
1,302,109
|
1,291,727 |
1,343,188 |
1,528,405
|
1,887,330 |
| Mutton
and hogget |
200,776 |
194,671 |
160,542 |
168,547 |
234,048 |
| Venison |
|
136,776 |
136,936 |
138,036 |
157,385 |
230,085 |
| Other
meat products |
142,630 |
137,461 |
144,845 |
172,949 |
225,708 |
| Total
meat and meat products |
2,774,592 |
2,935,405 |
2,873,836 |
3,430,296 |
4,250,651 |
| Butter |
|
917,511 |
1,028,820 |
990,006 |
1,004,306 |
1,135,819 |
| Cheese |
|
838,438 |
897,745 |
983,288 |
987,160 |
1,271,223
|
| Wholemilk
powder |
1,049,983 |
1,123,748
|
1,199,766 |
1,269,830
|
2,188,948 |
| Skimmilk
and buttermilk powder |
623,175 |
571,791 |
569,069 |
591,427 |
1,070,671
|
| Other
dairy products |
86,286
|
100,868
|
119,262
|
122,293
|
144,109
|
| Total
dairy products |
3,515,393
|
3,722,972
|
3,861,392 |
3,975,016 |
5,810,770
|
| Greasy
wool |
239,233 |
227,467 |
195,574 |
225,693 |
293,173 |
| Slipe
wool |
|
78,232 |
83,267 |
47,566 |
50,673 |
67,039 |
| Scoured
wool |
628,739 |
600,444 |
497,829 |
521,456 |
520,135 |
| Tops
and yarns |
88,015 |
101,034 |
104,915 |
114,576 |
110,196 |
| Other
wool products |
6,845
|
7,088
|
7,506
|
13,016
|
10,693
|
| Total
wool |
|
1,041,065 |
1,019,300 |
853,390 |
925,415 |
1,001,236 |
| Casein
and caseinates |
569,363 |
651,659 |
762,892 |
802,597 |
1,213,308 |
| Deer
velvet |
|
47,882 |
22,919 |
20,365 |
27,709 |
28,343 |
| Crude
animal materials |
245,634 |
256,237 |
248,569 |
249,192 |
252,007 |
| Animal
oils and fats |
148,289 |
157,511 |
156,641 |
135,654 |
147,995 |
| Carpets |
|
76,252 |
75,739 |
87,109 |
99,036 |
89,471 |
| Hides
and skins |
416,482 |
331,413 |
271,718 |
291,462 |
433,592 |
| Leather |
|
175,209 |
199,269 |
198,437 |
201,978 |
322,239 |
| Dressed
skins |
135,388 |
118,040 |
109,879 |
99,500 |
127,589 |
| Other
pastoral products n.e.s. |
16,922 |
21,944 |
21,304 |
31,864 |
65,302 |
| Total
other pastoral exports |
1,831,421 |
1,834,731 |
1,876,913 |
1,938,992 |
2,679,847 |
| Total
pastoral based exports |
9,287,836 |
9,651,917 |
9,608,784 |
10,443,691 |
13,892,819 |
| Total
horticultural products |
1,325,539 |
1,526,845 |
1,754,245 |
1,709,877
|
1,925,381 |
| Total
other agricultural based exports |
289,550 |
332,039 |
343,993 |
423,249 |
497,359 |
| Total
agricultural based exports |
10,902,924 |
11,510,801 |
11,707,022 |
12,576,817 |
16,315,559 |
| Total
New Zealand exports |
20,405,072
|
21,489,502
|
21,777,427
|
24,771,876 |
30,792,826 |
| Note: |
1 Values are NZ$ free on board (f.o.b.) and exclude re-exports. Source:
INFOS database, Statistics
NZ
(p) The 2001 figures are provisional.
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Figure 2.
Export earnings from beef and lamb from 1997 to 2001. ($ NZ millions
FOB). Source: INFOS database, Statistics
NZ
(p) The 2001 figures are provisional.
Figure 3.
Export earnings from meat other than beef and lamb from 1997 to
2001. ($ NZ millions FOB). (Note: Venison is classified as Game
- but for purposes of illustration is referred to as meat). Source:
INFOS database, Statistics NZ
(p) The 2001 figures are provisional.
Figure 4. Pastoral industry
export earnings in 2001. Source: INFOS database,
Statistics NZ. The 2001
figures are provisional.
Figure 5. Meat
export earnings in 2001. Source: INFOS database,
Statistics NZ. The 2001
figures are provisional.
Source: Statistics New Zealand, The
Economic Service of New Zealand
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